Government publications
Reference list |
Print
Author, A. A. or Corporate Author. (Year). Title of work (Report No. xxx). Location: Publisher.
External Reference Group. (2004). Evaluation of knowledge and innovation reforms consultation report (DEST No. 7164.HERC04A). Canberra, Australia: Department of Education, Science and Training.
Online
Author, A. A. or Corporate Author. (Year). Title of work. Retrieved from http://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs. (2009). Growing up in Australia: The longitudinal study of Australian children: 2008-09 annual report. Retrieved from http://www.fahcsia.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/lsac_ar_08-09.pdf
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Notes |
- You are encouraged to provide page or paragraph numbers especially when it would help your reader locate the relevant passage in a long or complex text.
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In-text referencing |
Direct quote (page number(s) must be included)
The Prime Minister, Mr Howard predicted that "in the foreseeable future nuclear power could be cheaper than the use, in a cleaner fashion than fossil fuel" (Commonwealth of Australia, House of Representatives, October 31, 2006, p. 41).
Paraphrasing or summarising (use of page number(s) encouraged - see note)
Thwaites outlined the Government's plan for safe injecting facilities in the Second Reading Speech... (Parliament of Victoria, Legislative Assembly, June 1, 2000).
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Reference list |
Print
Government. Name of Parliament. (Year). Title. Volume number (if available), Location: Publisher.
Parliament of Victoria. Legislative Assembly. (2000). Parliamentary debates (Hansard). Melbourne, Australia: Victoria Legislative Assembly.
Online
Government. Name of Parliament. (Year). Title. Retrieved from http://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Commonwealth of Australia. House of Representatives. (2006). Parliamentary debates (Official Hansard). Retrieved from http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/genpdf/chamber/hansardr/2006-10-31/0034/hansard_frag.pdf;fileType%3Dapplication%2Fpdf
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Notes |
- You are encouraged to provide page or paragraph numbers especially when it would help your reader locate the relevant passage in a long or complex text.
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Reference list |
Print
Standard Name. (Year). Title of standard (Standard number). Location: Publisher.
Standards Australia. (1994). The storage and handling of corrosive substances (AS 3780-1994). Homebush, NSW: Standards Australia.
Online
Standard Name. (Year). Title of standard (Standard number). Retrieved from http://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Standards Australia. (1994). The storage and handling of corrosive substances (AS 3780-1994). Retrieved from http://0-www.saiglobal.com.alpha2.latrobe.edu.au/online/autologin.asp
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Notes |
- You are encouraged to provide page or paragraph numbers especially when it would help your reader locate the relevant passage in a long or complex text.
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Reference list |
Print
Author, A. A. or Corporate Author. (Year). Title of work (report or catalogue number). Location: Publisher.
Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2010). Australian social trends: September 2010 (cat. no. 4102.0). Canberra, Australia: Author.
Online
Author, A. A. or Corporate Author. (Year). Title of work (report or catalogue number). Retrieved from http://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2010). Australian social trends: September 2010 (cat. no. 4102.0). Retrieved from http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/subscriber.nsf/LookupAttach/ 4102.0Publication13.10.101/$File/41020_ASTSep2010_reissue.pdf
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Notes |
- Do not reference statistics in common use; this convention applies to most statistics used in journal articles.
- Do give a reference when:
- Less common statistics are used, especially those that have appeared recently and / or can only be found in journal articles.
- A statistic is used in an unconventional or controversial way.
- The statistic itself is the focus of the article.
- The word ‘Author’ is used as the publisher when the author and publisher are the same.
- You are encouraged to provide page or paragraph numbers especially when it would help your reader locate the relevant passage in a long or complex text.
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In-text referencing
Direct Quotes:
You are required to use page numbers for quotes. |
Author notes:
Include the surname/s of the author and year. For example,
- No author (note capitalisation)
The Life of Insects (1979) or (The Life of Insects, 1979)
- One author
Seaton (2018) or (Seaton, 2018)
- Two authors
Grant and Grant (2018) or (Grant & Grant, 2008)
- Three to five authors
First in-text reference: Bradley, Ramirez, Soo and Walsh (2006) or (Bradley, Ramirez, Soo, & Walsh, 2006)
Subsequent in-text references: Bradley et al. (2006) or (Bradley et al., 2006)
- Six or more authors
Fraser et al. (2014) or (Fraser et al., 2014)
- Group / corporate author
La Trobe University (2018) or (La Trobe University, 2018)
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Author Prominent
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Larkin (2004) claims that Paine's writings "represented a turning point in the revolution" (p. 10).
Bakris et al. (2010) found this applied to "15 patients (4%) in the darusentan treatment" (p. 828)
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Information Prominent |
"Paine's choice of metaphors, diction, syntax, and evidence were crucial to his success" (Larkin, 2004, p. 26)
It was found that "individuals can discriminate between members of their own and a closely related sympatric species on the basis of song and beak morphology" (Grant & Grant, 2008, p. 78).
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Paraphrasing:
You may include page numbers if it would help your reader locate the relevant passage in a long or complex text.
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Author Prominent |
Benesch (2001) described the function of the rhetorical-grammatical process chart.
Chambers et al. (2013) state the benefit of working collaboratively.
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Information Prominent |
It was suggested that the packaging made a difference (Bakris et al., 2010).
International students are reporting higher levels than domestic students (Australian Council for Educational Research, 2010).
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If you come across any inconsistencies with the referencing examples in ART, send your feedback to
libreftool@latrobe.edu.au.
Important note: These guidelines have been designed to be used in university coursework, e.g. essays, reports, presentations. For work that is required to be published, or communicated to an audience wider than the University, please consult the appropriate publication manual, your publisher, the University Copyright Officer, and / or your research supervisor for guidance.
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