Addition (to add an idea)

also

furthermore

moreover

additionally

Exam performance is also influenced by personal factors, such as anxiety and confidence.

Cause and effect (to show that one thing is a result of another)

so

therefore

as a result

consequently

accordingly because

The defendant was intoxicated and therefore not fully aware of his actions.

Contrast (to show differences)

in contrast

however

whereas

while

conversely

In 2016, the proportion of Australian citizens born overseas was approximately 29%. However, this proportion varied between states, with just 13% of Tasmanian residents born overseas, compared with 31% in Victoria (ABS, 2021).

Comparison (to show similarities)

similarly

likewise

in the same way

In the global response to COVID-19, WHO has repeatedly urged that countries must work together as one global family to address the impacts of the pandemic. Similarly, the global health threat of climate change requires global collaboration, increased finance, and the equitable sharing of solutions (World Health Organization, 2021).

Definition

is defined as

that is

A migrant is defined as a “person who was born overseas whose usual residence is Australia” (ABS, 2018).

Example

for example

for instance

such as

including

Adolescents spend hours per day browsing social media applications, such as Facebook, TikTok and Instagram.

Sequence or list (to indicate the order of events, or to separate ideas) 

firstly

secondly

thirdly

first

then

There are several issues arising from this case. Firstly, the company failed to provide a working environment that was safe and free of risks to health.

Summary

in conclusion

in summary

to conclude

overall

Overall, females reported higher levels of pain post-surgery than men.